(地(di)下)防(fang)水(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)性僅(jin)次于結(jie)(jie)構(gou)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”的(de)(de)觀點(dian)得到了業內人士的(de)(de)贊同，然而今天，這(zhe)(zhe)個觀點(dian)卻應該改為“地(di)下防(fang)水(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應該和(he)地(di)下結(jie)(jie)構(gou)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)樣，是第一(yi)位重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。我(wo)們已不(bu)能再(zai)把(ba)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)防(fang)水(shui)放在次要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)位置來看待，這(zhe)(zhe)樣會(hui)導致人們對建筑結(jie)(jie)構(gou)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)重視程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度不(bu)夠。

地(di)下(xia)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)混(hun)凝土，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)施工(gong)不僅要(yao)具有結(jie)構的(de)功(gong)(gong)能，同時(shi)也要(yao)具備防(fang)水(shui)(shui)的(de)功(gong)(gong)能，這(zhe)個問題(ti)應該引(yin)起我們(men)(men)的(de)重視。現在施工(gong)單位，在地(di)下(xia)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)選(xuan)材(cai)上很頭疼，到底是(shi)要(yao)混(hun)凝土還(huan)是(shi)要(yao)卷材(cai)?為了(le)保(bao)證質量(liang)，我們(men)(men)對卷材(cai)提(ti)出(chu)了(le)5年的(de)保(bao)修期，其實，這(zhe)是(shi)很不合理的(de)。

施(shi)工完的(de)(de)防水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)應(ying)進行(xing)雨后觀察、淋水(shui)(shui)或蓄水(shui)(shui)試驗，并(bing)應(ying)在合格后再(zai)進行(xing)保護層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和隔(ge)離層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)施(shi)工。在砂結合層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)鋪設(she)塊體時，砂結合層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)應(ying)平整，塊體間應(ying)預留10mm的(de)(de)縫(feng)隙，縫(feng)內應(ying)填砂，并(bing)應(ying)用1：2水(shui)(shui)泥砂漿勾(gou)縫(feng)；水(shui)(shui)泥砂漿及(ji)細石(shi)混(hun)凝土(tu)保護層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)鋪設(she)前，應(ying)在防水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)做隔(ge)離層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)；細石(shi)混(hun)凝土(tu)鋪設(she)不宜留施(shi)工縫(feng)；當施(shi)工間隙超過時間規定時，應(ying)對接槎(cha)進行(xing)處理。

大連防水(shui)施工卷材(cai)防水(shui)屋面(mian)檐(yan)口800mm范圍內的卷材(cai)應(ying)滿粘，卷材(cai)收(shou)頭應(ying)采用(yong)金屬壓條釘壓，并應(ying)用(yong)密(mi)封(feng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)封(feng)嚴。檐(yan)口下端應(ying)做(zuo)鷹嘴和(he)滴水(shui)槽。檐(yan)溝和(he)天溝的防水(shui)層(ceng)下應(ying)增設(she)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)層(ceng)，附(fu)加(jia)(jia)層(ceng)伸入屋面(mian)的寬度不應(ying)小于250mm；檐(yan)溝防水(shui)層(ceng)和(he)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)層(ceng)應(ying)由溝底翻上(shang)至外側頂部(bu)，卷材(cai)收(shou)頭應(ying)用(yong)金屬壓條釘壓，并應(ying)用(yong)密(mi)封(feng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)封(feng)嚴，涂膜收(shou)頭應(ying)用(yong)防水(shui)涂料(liao)(liao)多(duo)遍涂刷。

以粘(zhan)貼(tie)法施工(gong)(gong)的(de)防水卷(juan)材，其(qi)與基層(ceng)應(ying)采用滿粘(zhan)法鋪(pu)貼(tie)。卷(juan)材接(jie)縫(feng)必須粘(zhan)貼(tie)嚴密。接(jie)縫(feng)部(bu)位應(ying)進行(xing)密封處理，密封寬(kuan)度不(bu)應(ying)小于10mm。搭接(jie)縫(feng)位置(zhi)距陰陽角(jiao)應(ying)大于300mm。防水卷(juan)材施工(gong)(gong)宜先鋪(pu)立面，后鋪(pu)平面。防水層(ceng)施工(gong)(gong)完畢驗收合格后，方可(ke)進行(xing)其(qi)他(ta)層(ceng)面的(de)施工(gong)(gong)。